Model Pembelajaran Etnopedagogi: Pendekatan, Metode, dan Media Berbasis Budaya Lokal

Abstract

Abstract: Globalization and modernization risk eroding students' awareness of local culture, while formal learning often remains detached from learners' sociocultural context. This study describes ethnopedagogy and its operationalization through culture-based approaches, methods, and media, along with implementation challenges and solutions. The study used a library research design by reviewing books, journal articles, and proceedings on ethnopedagogy, local wisdom, and contextual learning, and analyzed them descriptively. The findings show that ethnopedagogy positions local wisdom as the philosophical and operational foundation of learning. Local culture can be integrated through the integration approach and culture-based Contextual Teaching and Learning, implemented through Ethno-Project Based Learning, environmental exploration, and traditional simulation, and supported by cultural artifacts and digital media. The main obstacles are teachers' limited competence, scarce local-wisdom teaching materials, and concerns about curriculum targets. In conclusion, ethnopedagogy offers a contextual, meaningful, and humanistic learning model when supported by teacher training and collaboration with cultural figures.

Keywords: ethnopedagogy, local wisdom, learning model, culture-based media.

Abstrak: Arus globalisasi dan modernisasi berpotensi mengikis kesadaran peserta didik terhadap budaya lokal, sementara pembelajaran formal kerap terlepas dari konteks sosiokultural mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan konsep etnopedagogi dan pengoperasiannya melalui pendekatan, metode, dan media pembelajaran berbasis budaya lokal, serta tantangan dan solusi penerapannya. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kepustakaan dengan menelaah buku, artikel jurnal, dan prosiding tentang etnopedagogi, kearifan lokal, dan pembelajaran kontekstual, yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa etnopedagogi menempatkan kearifan lokal sebagai landasan filosofis dan operasional pembelajaran. Budaya lokal dapat diintegrasikan melalui pendekatan terintegrasi dan Contextual Teaching and Learning berbasis budaya, diterapkan melalui Ethno-Project Based Learning, eksplorasi lingkungan, dan simulasi permainan tradisional, serta didukung artefak budaya dan media digital. Hambatan utamanya adalah keterbatasan kompetensi guru, minimnya bahan ajar bermuatan kearifan lokal, dan kekhawatiran terhadap target kurikulum. Disimpulkan bahwa etnopedagogi menawarkan model pembelajaran yang kontekstual, bermakna, dan humanis apabila didukung pelatihan guru dan kolaborasi dengan tokoh adat.

Kata Kunci: etnopedagogi, kearifan lokal, model pembelajaran, media berbasis budaya